You may have heard about CBD's potential pain-relieving properties, but did you know terpenes can also help manage discomfort?
Terpenes are fascinating compounds found in various plants, including cannabis, that not only contribute to their unique aromas and flavors but may also offer therapeutic benefits.
So, what are terpenes, and how do they interact with CBD to potentially alleviate pain? And what does the current research say about their effectiveness?
Key Takeaways
- In cannabis products, terpenes synergize with cannabinoids like CBD and THC to amplify therapeutic outcomes through the "entourage effect."
- Terpenes, like beta-caryophyllene, myrcene, limonene, and humulene, have analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.
- Terpenes enhance CBD's pain-relieving potential by interacting with the endocannabinoid system and improving compound absorption.
- Studies suggest combining CBD with terpenes can provide significant pain relief and fewer side effects compared to CBD alone.
What Are Terpenes?
Terpenes are aromatic compounds produced by plants, including cannabis. They are responsible for the distinctive smells and flavors of various plants and their essential oils.
In cannabis, terpenes are secreted by the same glands that produce cannabinoids like CBD and THC. They not only contribute to the unique aroma and taste of different cannabis strains but also synergize with cannabinoids to produce pronounced effects, a phenomenon known as the entourage effect.
Examples of common Terpenes
There are over 150 different terpenes identified in the cannabis plant. Some of the most common include:
- Limonene: This citrusy terpene is also found in the peels of citrus fruits like lemons and oranges. It is known for its uplifting and stress-relieving properties.
- Pinene: As the name suggests, pinene has a pine-like aroma and is found in pine needles, rosemary, and basil. It may help improve focus and memory.
- Linalool: This terpene has a floral, lavender-like scent and is also found in lavender, mint, and cinnamon. It is associated with relaxation and stress relief.
- Myrcene: Myrcene has an earthy, musky aroma and is also found in hops, lemongrass, and thyme. It is known for its potential sedative and pain-relieving properties.
How Do Terpenes Interact with CBD to Relieve Pain?
CBD has gained recognition for its potential to alleviate pain and inflammation, but terpenes may also contribute to these effects. When combined with CBD, terpenes can enhance its pain-relieving properties largely because some are cannabimimetic.
In other words, the various compounds in cannabis, including cannabinoids and terpenes, work together to produce more significant therapeutic benefits than a single compound alone.
Translated, this means that when CBD and terpenes combine (e.g., in full-spectrum CBD products), they create more potent effects than CBD alone.
Moreover, some terpenes are analgesic and anti-inflammatory and can relieve pain further when combined with CBD. Like cannabinoids, these terpenes interact with the endocannabinoid system, triggering more or less similar reactions to cannabinoids.
Terpenes that Help with Pain
While terpenes may offer pain-relieving benefits, some show more promise than others. Here are those that have been studied for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties:
- Beta-caryophyllene: This spicy, peppery terpene is shown to activate CB2 receptors in the immune system and may help reduce inflammation and pain. Beta-caryophyllene is also found in black pepper, cloves, and hops.
- Myrcene: Myrcene is the most abundant cannabis terpene and has a musky, earthy aroma. It has been studied for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, as well as its ability to enhance the permeability of cell membranes, allowing other compounds like CBD to be absorbed more efficiently.
- Limonene: Known for its citrusy aroma, limonene exhibits anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties. It may also help reduce stress and anxiety, which can contribute to the overall perception of pain.
- Humulene: This earthy, woody terpene is also found in hops and has been studied for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. It has the same mechanism as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in reducing inflammation.
When choosing a CBD product for pain relief, look for full-spectrum or broad-spectrum options. Due to the entourage effect, these products may offer more comprehensive pain relief than CBD isolates.
What Does Research Say About CBD, Terpenes, and Pain Relief?
Recent findings are promising regarding the use of CBD and terpenes to manage various types of pain.
A 2021 study in the journal PAIN found that certain cannabis terpenes, like beta-caryophyllene, geraniol, linalool, and alpha-humulene, were as effective as morphine in reducing markers of neuropathic pain in mice.
The researchers also discovered that these terpenes worked by activating the body's adenosine A2A receptors, which play a role in pain modulation.
Furthermore, combining CBD with terpenes may provide enhanced pain relief with fewer side effects compared to using either compound alone. A 2020 review in Current Neuropharmacology highlighted the synergistic effects of cannabinoids and terpenes, suggesting they offer a more holistic approach to managing chronic pain conditions.
Animal studies also demonstrate the efficacy of specific terpenes in treating different types of pain. For example, a 2020 study published in the Journal of Pain Research found that myrcene had significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in a mouse model of osteoarthritis.
While more human trials are undoubtedly needed to fully understand the potential of CBD and terpenes for pain relief, the existing evidence suggests that these natural compounds offer a promising alternative or complementary approach to managing various pain conditions.
How to Choose CBD Products with Beneficial Terpenes for Pain
When shopping for CBD products for pain, we recommend those that contain beneficial terpenes. Full-spectrum and broad-spectrum CBD products retain the natural terpenes in hemp and appear to be more effective at providing pain relief.
To ensure your product contains the correct terpenes, check the label or certificate of analysis (COA) to know its terpene profile. The most effective terpenes for pain relief include beta-caryophyllene, myrcene, limonene, and humulene. Products with higher concentrations of these terpenes may provide more pain relief.
The delivery method of your CBD product can also impact its effectiveness for pain management. Topical CBD products, such as creams or balms, are ideal for localized pain relief, as they are applied directly to the affected area.
Our full-spectrum CBD Pain Creams reduce pain and inflammation, letting you return to your lifestyle without hesitation. Thanks to our industry-leading cannabinoid formulas, featuring adaptogens and botanicals, these Creams work naturally with the body to reduce the experience of pain.*
Once you’ve experienced the benefits of our Regular-Strength Cream, you can graduate to our Extra- and Maximum-Strength options to experience even more effective relief.*
For more systemic pain relief, consider using CBD tinctures or edibles. These are absorbed into the bloodstream and provide more widespread effects throughout the body.
R&R’s full-spectrum Tinctures are available in three potency levels to help bring balance to your body and mind so you can live without pain. Our 1000mg Fresh Mint offering is the perfect way to use CBD to get relief from whatever symptoms you are experiencing.*
If you are taste-sensitive, explore our selection of CBD Gummies. Like the Tinctures, these Multifunctional CBD Gummies are designed to deliver multifunctional benefits to improve your life. Enjoy our Gummies daily as a tasty treat to help tackle whatever issues holding you back.*
When buying a CBD product, always choose high-quality options from reputable brands. This helps you avoid low-quality products with contaminants or inconsistencies in the product's CBD and terpene content.
The CBD industry is not regulated by the Food & Drug Administration (FDA), so CBD brands largely control what goes into making their products. As a matter of fact, a study showed that false health claims, mislabeling, and contamination are common in CBD products.
Are There Any Side Effects or Drug Interactions with CBD and Terpenes?
While CBD and terpenes are generally well-tolerated, it is important to be aware of potential side effects and drug interactions.
Most people experience few, if any, adverse effects when using CBD products containing terpenes. Common side effects, which are typically mild and temporary, include drowsiness, dry mouth, and changes in appetite or weight.
Unlike opioids, which carry a significant risk of addiction and overdose, terpenes do not appear to have addiction potential. This makes CBD products containing terpenes potentially safer alternatives for managing pain, especially for those concerned about the risks associated with traditional pain medications.
However, CBD can interact with certain medications, particularly those processed by the liver enzyme cytochrome P450 (CYP450). These interactions may alter how the body processes the drugs and, hence, their effectiveness.
Some medications that have been shown to interact with CBD include blood thinners, antidepressants, and some seizure medications. To minimize the risk of drug interactions, always consult a healthcare provider before using CBD products, especially if you are taking prescription medications.
When starting to use CBD and terpenes for pain relief, we recommend beginning with a low dose and gradually increasing as needed. This allows you to gauge your response and tolerance while minimizing the risk of adverse effects. If you experience unwanted side effects, reduce the dose or stop using the product altogether.
What Are the Best Ways to Use CBD with Terpenes for Pain Management?
There are several effective methods for using CBD plus terpenes for pain relief.
CBD creams or balms are applied directly to the affected areas to provide targeted relief for localized pain. This method allows the active ingredients to be absorbed through the skin to provide the desired benefits.
Sublingual tinctures or oils are excellent for faster absorption and widespread effects. Simply place a few drops of CBD oil under your tongue and hold it there for 30-60 seconds before swallowing. This way, the ingredients are absorbed directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system and providing quicker relief.
CBD edibles or capsules are another option for those seeking longer-lasting pain relief. When consumed orally, CBD and terpenes are metabolized by the liver, resulting in gradual and prolonged effects compared to other methods.
This method is particularly beneficial for managing chronic pain conditions that require consistent relief throughout the day.
While inhalation via vaporization can offer a quick onset of effects, recent research suggests that this method may be less effective for delivering terpenes compared to other routes of administration. That is because terpenes are highly volatile and start to evaporate at temperatures as low as 40℃.
Regardless of the method you choose, consistency is key when using CBD and terpenes to manage pain. Daily use can help maintain steady levels of these beneficial compounds in your system, providing effective and sustained relief over time.
Final Thoughts
It is best to consult a healthcare provider before incorporating CBD and terpenes into your pain management routine, especially if you have any pre-existing medical conditions or are taking other medications.
R&R CBD offers a range of full-spectrum and broad-spectrum CBD products designed to harness the potential benefits of terpenes for effective pain relief.
Check out our range of CBD health and wellness products here.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do Terpenes Help with Pain?
Yes, terpenes can help with pain by interacting with the endocannabinoid system. Their analgesic properties may enhance the effects of CBD and provide additional natural pain relief.
What Are the Benefits of Terpenes in CBD?
The benefits of terpenes in CBD include boosting the overall effectiveness of CBD through the entourage effect.
Is CBD with Terpenes Better than Without?
CBD with terpenes is generally considered better than CBD without because terpenes can enhance the potency and effectiveness of CBD, especially for pain management, inflammation, and relaxation.
Are Terpenes Anti-Inflammatory?
Yes, many terpenes have anti-inflammatory properties, which can help reduce inflammation and swelling, effectively relieving pain and other inflammatory conditions.
What Terpene Is Best For Pain?
Myrcene and beta-caryophyllene are among the best terpenes for pain relief due to their strong analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.
